The significant difference between a primary and secondary investment offering is how the stocks are acquired. In primary investment offerings, investors purchase shares directly from the issuing company. They generally acquire new equity stocks and bonds. Secondary investment markets are a step removed from the parent company; with a secondary investment offering, investors buy stocks from other sources besides the issuer, such as investors, employees, or former employees. They trade existing securities between investors by regulatory bodies such as the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
There are distinct advantages to either type of investment as well. Primary fund investment, which refers to those through several funds into portfolio companies, is an effective method of obtaining diversified exposure to the private equity asset class. On the other hand, secondary fund investment involves buying and selling preexisting investor commitments to private equity funds. Investors who engage in secondary investment expect benefits such as a faster build-up of private equity exposure and increased portfolio transparency.

